AIR AND WATER TEMPERATURES

Lake Superior summer water temperatures are increasing more rapidly than regional air temperatures: A positive ice-albedo feedback

[1] Lake Superior summer (July–September) surface water temperatures have increased approximately 2.5 C over the interval 1979–2006, equivalent to a rate of (11 ± 6) 10 2 C yr , significantly in excess of regional atmospheric warming. This discrepancy is caused by declining winter ice cover, which is causing the onset of the positively stratified season to occur earlier at a rate of roughly a h...

Water stress of sugarbeet as related to leaf and canopy temperatures and to leaf Water content

Water Production Rates, Rotational Temperatures, and Spin Temperatures

Water hot-band lines were detected in comets C/1999 H1 (Lee), C/1999 S4 (LINEAR), and C/2001 A2 (LINEAR) in the 2.9 m spectral region using high-dispersion (k= k 2 ; 10) infrared spectroscopy with NIRSPEC at the W. M. Keck Observatory. The density of H2O emissions in this spectral region, the spectral coverage and resolution of NIRSPEC, and fluorescence models developed for these hot bands enab...

Microbial growth on broiler carcasses stored at different temperatures after air- or water-chilling.

Poultry meat has a high risk of contamination during its processing. Storage temperature, type of packaging, and types and numbers of psychrotrophic bacteria are the major factors determining the spoilage of poultry meat. Before packaging, poultry carcasses are chilled by air or water currents in commercial slaughterhouses. The packaging material and methods are other factors influencing the sp...

Rising temperatures and dwindling water supplies

In this paper we discuss the results of a survey on the perception of climate change in the 14 “tourist zones” (as defined by the Spanish Statistical Institute, INE) that stretch from the French border to Gibraltar alongside the Spanish Mediterranean coast, including the Balearic Islands. Our sample consisted of 1014 telephone interviews stratified according to the number of tourists staying in...